The United Kingdom remains one of the top destinations for skilled professionals around the world. Whether you’re a healthcare professional, engineer, IT expert, or in any other qualifying profession, the UK Skilled Worker visa offers an opportunity to live and work in the UK legally. But how do you apply for a UK Skilled Worker visa successfully?
In this detailed, step-by-step guide, weâll walk you through the entire UK Skilled Worker visa application process, from checking your eligibility to receiving your visa decision. Weâll also include essential tips, common mistakes to avoid, and answers to frequently asked questions.
What is the UK Skilled Worker Visa?
The UK Skilled Worker visa replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa in December 2020 as part of the UKâs broader immigration reforms aimed at attracting global talent. This visa allows skilled foreign nationals to come to or stay in the UK to perform an eligible job with an approved UK employer. It plays a central role in the UKâs points-based immigration system, which evaluates applicants based on specific criteria like skill level, salary, and English language ability.
To qualify, you must have a confirmed job offer in an eligible role from a licensed UK employer that holds a sponsorship licence. The job must meet certain requirements, including being on the list of approved occupations and meeting the minimum salary threshold. This ensures that only roles needing genuine skills are filled through this route.
The Skilled Worker visa is available to people applying from outside the UK, as well as individuals already in the UK who are switching from another visa category, such as a Student visa or a Graduate visa. The visa can be granted for up to 5 years and can be extended as long as you continue to meet the requirements.
In addition to allowing work, the visa enables you to pursue part-time studies, travel in and out of the country freely, and even take on additional employment under certain conditions. However, itâs important to remember that the visa is tied to your employer and job. If you change employers or job roles, youâll need to apply for a new visa or update your existing one accordingly.
This visa is particularly popular among healthcare workers, engineers, IT professionals, and teachers, but it covers a wide range of other professions as well. It offers a reliable route not only for working in the UK but also for building a long-term future there.
Benefits of the Skilled Worker Visa
Before we get into the detailed steps of applying, itâs helpful to understand why so many people choose the Skilled Worker visa as their route to living and working in the UK. This visa offers a wide range of benefits that make it one of the most flexible and appealing options for skilled workers worldwide:
- Work legally in the UK for a recognized and regulated employer, giving you full legal status and the confidence to build your career without fear of immigration issues.
- Bring dependents (spouse or partner and children under 18), enabling your immediate family to join you in the UK. Your spouse or partner can work, and your children can attend school, making it a family-friendly option.
- Access to NHS services, which means you and your family can receive world-class healthcare without needing private insurance, once you have paid the Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS).
- Pathway to permanent residency (Indefinite Leave to Remain or ILR) after 5 years of continuous residence, offering the chance to settle permanently in the UK and eventually apply for British citizenship.
- No cap on the number of visas issued each year, which ensures that anyone who meets the requirements has the opportunity to apply and be granted a visa without worrying about annual quotas.
- No Labour Market Test, meaning employers are not required to prove they couldnât find a suitable candidate within the UK before offering you the role. This has streamlined the hiring process and made it much faster and simpler.
- Eligible for certain tax reliefs under specific conditions, particularly for health and care workers who may benefit from reduced visa fees and faster processing.
Other perks include flexibility to study part-time while you work, take on additional work (within specific limits), and travel in and out of the UK during the validity of your visa. The Skilled Worker visa also provides stability, making it easier to plan for the future, whether youâre single, part of a couple, or bringing your entire family with you.
Who is Eligible?
To qualify for a UK Skilled Worker visa, applicants must meet several specific criteria set by the UK Home Office. These requirements are designed to ensure that only individuals with the right skills and qualifications can enter or remain in the UK under this route. Meeting all these conditions is essential to submit a successful visa application.
The main eligibility criteria include:
Have a job offer from a UK employer on the list of approved sponsors
You must have a confirmed job offer from a UK-based employer who is registered as a licensed sponsor. This employer must be listed on the official Register of Licensed Sponsors. The job offer must be genuine and must align with the requirements set by the Home Office for skilled roles. Without a valid sponsor, you wonât be able to proceed with your application.
The job must be on the list of eligible occupations
Not all jobs qualify under the Skilled Worker visa route. The UK government maintains a detailed list of occupations that are eligible, which includes sectors such as health and care, engineering, IT, financial services, and education. Each occupation has a specific code and set of requirements, and your role must match the description closely. Some roles on the Shortage Occupation List may have slightly lower salary thresholds and offer faster processing.
Be paid the minimum salary threshold for the job (generally ÂŁ26,200 per year or ÂŁ10.75 per hour, but this varies)
The salary requirement is one of the key components of the visa. Generally, you must earn at least ÂŁ26,200 per year or ÂŁ10.75 per hour, but these figures can vary depending on the type of job, your age, and whether your job is on the Shortage Occupation List. Some new entrants and certain healthcare roles may qualify for lower salary thresholds. Itâs essential that your employerâs offer meets or exceeds these salary levels, otherwise your application will likely be refused.
Speak, read, write, and understand English
You must demonstrate a good command of the English language at a minimum of B1 level on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). This is usually proven through an approved English language test, such as IELTS for UKVI, or by having a degree-level qualification that was taught in English. Nationals of majority English-speaking countries are generally exempt from this requirement.
Receive a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) from the employer
A Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) is an essential document for your application. It is an electronic record issued by your sponsoring employer that includes detailed information about your job, salary, and the length of your employment. The CoS proves that your employer has vetted your application and is willing to take responsibility as your sponsor. You will need the CoS reference number when you submit your visa application.
Additional eligibility considerations may include passing a tuberculosis (TB) test if you’re from certain countries and providing a criminal record certificate for specific roles, particularly those in healthcare or working with vulnerable people.
Meeting these criteria is crucial for a successful Skilled Worker visa application. Itâs advisable to double-check the latest UK government guidelines, as requirements can change over time or differ based on your specific circumstances.
How to Apply for a UK Skilled Worker Visa
Step-by-Step Guide to Applying
1. Check Your Eligibility
Start by confirming whether your profession is listed on the UKâs Shortage Occupation List or Skilled Occupation List. These lists highlight roles that the UK has a shortage of skilled workers for, covering industries like healthcare, IT, engineering, education, and more. Being on the Shortage Occupation List may provide you with lower salary thresholds and reduced visa fees.
Check:
- Your qualifications â Make sure your educational and professional credentials match the requirements for the role you are applying for.
- English proficiency level (minimum B1 CEFR) â Youâll need to prove your ability to speak, read, write, and understand English, typically through a UK-approved test or recognized qualifications.
- Minimum salary requirements â Your job must meet the minimum salary threshold (generally ÂŁ26,200/year or ÂŁ10.75/hour) unless exemptions apply.
- Whether your role is eligible â Verify that your occupation falls under the list of jobs that qualify for the Skilled Worker visa.
You can use the UK governmentâs official visa eligibility tool to get a quick and reliable assessment of your situation.
2. Secure a Job Offer
The most crucial requirement is having a job offer from a UK-based employer who is licensed to sponsor skilled workers. Without this, you wonât be able to apply for the visa. When searching, make sure to focus on employers who understand the sponsorship process.
Useful platforms include:
- GOV.UK Find a Job â The governmentâs official job board.
- NHS Jobs â For roles in the healthcare sector.
- UK Tier 2 Sponsor List â A public list of employers approved to sponsor workers under the Skilled Worker route.
Make sure the job offer meets both the required skill level and salary threshold. Certain sectors, like health and social care, may have relaxed rules, making them an attractive option for eligible applicants.
3. Ensure Your Employer is a Licensed Sponsor
The employer offering you the job must hold a valid sponsor licence. Only licensed sponsors can legally employ Skilled Worker visa holders. This licence confirms that the employer is vetted by the Home Office and is compliant with the UKâs immigration regulations.
Check the official register of licensed sponsors to ensure your prospective employer is listed. If they are not yet licensed, they must obtain a licence before issuing a Certificate of Sponsorship.
4. Obtain a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS)
Once your employer is confirmed as a licensed sponsor, they will issue you a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS). This is a unique reference number that holds key details about your job, such as:
- Your job title and responsibilities
- Salary and working hours
- The start and end dates of your contract
There are two types of CoS:
- Defined CoS: For applicants applying from outside the UK. The employer must apply for it through the Sponsorship Management System (SMS), and it is specifically allocated for overseas hires.
- Undefined CoS: For applicants already inside the UK, such as those switching from a different visa category.
Youâll need this reference number when completing your visa application, so keep it safe and double-check the information it contains.
5. Prepare Your Supporting Documents
When applying, youâll need to provide several documents to prove your eligibility. The exact documents can vary based on your personal circumstances, but generally include:
- Valid passport â Must have at least one blank page for your visa.
- Certificate of Sponsorship reference number â Issued by your employer.
- Proof of English language proficiency â Such as a UKVI-approved English test certificate or evidence of a degree taught in English.
- Bank statements â If required, to show you have enough funds to support yourself (usually ÂŁ1,270 held for 28 consecutive days).
- TB test results â Required if youâre from a country where TB testing is mandatory.
- Criminal record certificate â Needed for certain jobs, especially in health, education, or where youâll be working with vulnerable individuals.
- Qualifications or certifications â Any documents proving that you are qualified for the role, as requested by your employer or the Home Office.
Ensure all documents are in English or Welsh. If they are not, provide a certified translation.
6. Apply Online
Visit the official UK Skilled Worker visa application page on GOV.UK to begin your application. Choose the correct option based on whether you are applying from outside or inside the UK.
The online application process involves:
- Creating a UKVI account
- Completing personal and employment details
- Uploading supporting documents
- Entering your CoS reference number
- Be thorough and double-check your information to avoid delays or refusals.
7. Pay the Fees
Youâll be required to pay a range of fees during the application process:
Visa application fee:
- ÂŁ719 if your stay is up to 3 years
- ÂŁ1,420 if your stay is more than 3 years
Healthcare surcharge (Immigration Health Surcharge or IHS):
- ÂŁ1,035 per year, allowing access to the NHS
Maintenance funds (if applicable):
- You must show you have at least ÂŁ1,270 in your bank account unless your employer agrees to cover your maintenance costs (confirmed on your CoS).
Note: Applicants in specific roles, such as health and care workers, may benefit from reduced visa fees and IHS exemptions.
8. Book and Attend a Biometric Appointment
After submitting your application, you will be prompted to book an appointment to submit your biometric data. This includes:
- Fingerprints
- A digital photo of your face
- Any supporting documents not already uploaded online
Appointments can be made at:
- Visa Application Centres (VAC) â If applying from outside the UK.
- UKVCAS centres â If applying from within the UK.
At this stage, your identity will be confirmed, and your documents will be verified.
9. Wait for the Decision
Once everything is submitted, itâs time to wait. The standard processing times are:
- 3 weeks â For applicants applying from outside the UK.
- 8 weeks â For applicants applying from within the UK.
You will receive a decision via email or letter. If your application is successful, you will be issued a Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) or, in some cases, a digital immigration status if youâre using the UK Immigration: ID Check app.
Skilled Worker Visa Fees and Costs
Applying for a UK Skilled Worker visa involves several costs that vary depending on the duration of your visa, whether you have dependents, and your personal circumstances. Itâs important to budget for all potential expenses to avoid unexpected issues during the application process.
| Item | Cost (GBP) |
|---|---|
| Visa application (up to 3 yrs) | ÂŁ719 |
| Visa application (3+ yrs) | ÂŁ1,420 |
| Healthcare surcharge (IHS) | ÂŁ1,035/year |
| Biometric appointment | Varies (typically ÂŁ20âÂŁ55) |
| TB test (if required) | ÂŁ65âÂŁ110 |
| Total estimated cost | ÂŁ2,000âÂŁ5,000 (depending on job/family) |
In addition to the basic application fee, the Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS) is a major part of the cost. The IHS allows you to access the National Health Service (NHS) during your stay in the UK, and it must be paid upfront for the entire duration of your visa.
If you are bringing dependents (such as a partner or children), each dependent must pay the same visa fee and IHS as the main applicant, which can significantly increase the overall cost. For example, a family of four applying for a 3-year visa would need to budget for roughly four times the base fees.
Other costs to keep in mind include:
- Document translation fees: if your documents are not in English or Welsh.
- Priority processing fees: if you want a faster decision (optional).
- Relocation costs:Â such as flights and accommodation deposits.
Note: Employers may cover some or all costs, especially in industries with a high demand for skilled workers (like healthcare or IT). Always clarify with your employer whether they will reimburse visa fees, cover your IHS, or assist with relocation expenses.
How Long Does the Process Take?
The timeline for obtaining a Skilled Worker visa can vary based on individual circumstances and where youâre applying from. Hereâs a general breakdown of the key stages and their estimated durations:
- Job search and offer: 1â3 months (varies widely depending on your profession, experience level, and the demand for your role).
- CoS issuance: Up to 1 month (once the job offer is accepted, your employer applies for and assigns your Certificate of Sponsorship).
- Visa processing: 3â8 weeks (standard processing time after submitting your application and attending your biometric appointment).
In total, you can expect the process from job offer to visa decision to take approximately 2â4 months. However, it may be shorter if:
- Your employer issues the CoS quickly.
- You pay for priority or super-priority processing, which can reduce visa processing time to as little as 5 working days (for an additional fee).
Itâs advisable to start early and plan ahead, especially if youâre relocating with family or have time-sensitive work start dates.
Switching to a Skilled Worker Visa from Within the UK
If you are already in the UK on a different visa (for example, a Student visa, Graduate visa, or Tier 2 (General) visa), you may be eligible to switch to a Skilled Worker visa without leaving the UK. This is a practical option if youâve completed your studies or are changing employers within the UK.
You can switch if:
- Your current visa allows switching (most work and student routes do; however, short-term visas like visitor visas do not).
- You meet all Skilled Worker visa requirements, including having a qualifying job offer, a valid Certificate of Sponsorship, and meeting salary and language requirements.
The switching process involves:
- Submitting an online application via the UKVI portal.
- Uploading your supporting documents digitally.
- Booking and attending a UKVCAS biometric appointment
The advantage of switching within the UK is that you can often continue working or studying while your application is being processed (depending on your current visa conditions).
Extending or Renewing Your Visa
A UK Skilled Worker visa is typically granted for up to 5 years at a time. However, if your job contract is shorter, your visa duration will reflect that. When your visa is nearing its expiry date, you have the option to extend or renew it, provided you continue to meet all requirements.
To extend your visa:
- Submit a new application before your current visa expires.
- Obtain a new Certificate of Sponsorship (even if you stay with the same employer, a fresh CoS is required for each extension).
- Pay the relevant visa fee and Immigration Health Surcharge again.
There is no limit to how many times you can extend your visa as long as you remain eligible.
If you change employers or your role significantly changes, you must apply for a new Skilled Worker visa, not just an extension, as your visa is tied to a specific job and employer.
Importantly, after 5 years of continuous residence on a Skilled Worker visa, you may be eligible to apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR), which grants you permanent residency in the UK. Achieving ILR means youâll no longer need a visa to live and work in the UK, and after an additional qualifying period, you may apply for British citizenship.
Pathway to Settlement and ILR
One of the biggest advantages of the UK Skilled Worker visa is that it offers a clear pathway to settlement. After 5 continuous years in the UK on a Skilled Worker visa, you may be eligible for:
- Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) â This grants you permanent residency status, meaning you can live and work in the UK without any visa restrictions. ILR also gives you access to public funds and removes the need to renew your visa.
- Eventually British Citizenship â After holding ILR for at least 1 year (and meeting residency and other requirements), you can apply for British citizenship, giving you full rights as a UK national.
Eligibility for ILR depends on meeting strict criteria:
No absences longer than 180 days in any 12-month period â You must show that you have been continuously resident in the UK and that you havenât spent extended periods outside the country. This is crucial for proving your commitment to settling in the UK.
No serious criminal records â You need to pass the good character requirement, which means you must not have serious criminal convictions or breaches of UK immigration laws.
Continued employment with an approved sponsor â At the time of applying for ILR, you must be still working in the job role for which you were sponsored. If your role changes significantly, you may need to apply for a new visa before applying for ILR.
Meeting the English language requirement and passing the Life in the UK Test â Even if you proved your English ability when applying for your visa, youâll need to meet the ILR-level requirement and pass a cultural knowledge test.
Reaching ILR is a significant milestone, offering stability and freedom in the UK. Many Skilled Worker visa holders plan their long-term future around this opportunity.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
While the Skilled Worker visa process is well-defined, many applicants run into issues because of avoidable mistakes. Hereâs a closer look at the most frequent errors:
- Applying without a CoS â Every Skilled Worker visa application must be backed by a valid Certificate of Sponsorship. Without it, your application will be refused automatically.
- Choosing the wrong visa type â Itâs important to double-check that youâre applying under the **Skilled Worker route, not other work visa routes, as each has different rules.
- Submitting incomplete documents â Missing even one required document can delay your application or lead to rejection. Always use a checklist and double-check before submission.
- Not checking sponsor licence status â Your employer must be a licensed sponsor listed on the official register. If they are not, your visa cannot be processed.
- Assuming salary requirements are the same for all jobs â Salary thresholds can vary based on your role, age, and whether your job is on the Shortage Occupation List. Always confirm the specific minimum salary for your job code.
- Forgetting to convert and translate documents â Any documents not in English or Welsh must be translated by a certified translator. Failure to do this can result in processing delays.
- Missing biometric appointments â Your biometric data (photo and fingerprints) are essential for visa approval. Missing your appointment will halt your application.
Avoiding these mistakes will save you time, money, and stress, so be thorough and donât rush through the process.
FAQs
Furthermore, here are some of the most frequently asked questions about the UK Skilled Worker Visa
Can I bring my family on a Skilled Worker visa?
Yes. Your spouse or partner and children under 18 can join you in the UK as dependents. They will have the right to live, study, and your partner can also work in the UK.
Can I change employers on this visa?
Yes, but you must apply for a new Certificate of Sponsorship from your new employer and update your visa accordingly. You cannot start working for the new employer until your visa has been updated and approved.
Do I need IELTS or any English test?
Yes, unless you are from a majority English-speaking country (like the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.) or you hold a recognized degree that was taught in English. The minimum requirement is usually B1 on the CEFR scale.
What happens if I lose my job?
If you lose your job, you typically have 60 days (or until your visa expiry date, whichever is sooner) to find a new sponsor and apply for a new visa. If you do not secure a new job in time, you will need to leave the UK.
Is remote work allowed?
You can work remotely part of the time, but your job must be primarily based in the UK. Employers are required to inform the Home Office if you switch to full-time remote work, and excessive remote working might affect your visa status.
Final Thoughts
The UK Skilled Worker visa offers a fantastic opportunity for skilled professionals who want to advance their careers and settle in one of the worldâs top economies. The visa provides access to high-quality work opportunities, healthcare, and a clear path toward permanent residency and British citizenship.
Although the process may seem complex, it becomes much more manageable when you break it down step by step. With proper preparationâsecuring the right job offer, understanding your obligations, and staying organized with documentsâyou can significantly improve your chances of success.
Whether youâre just starting your job search or already have a sponsor lined up, now is the perfect time to act. Research potential employers, review visa requirements carefully, and stay proactive in keeping up with any policy changes. Your future in the UK is well within reach if you plan ahead and follow each stage carefully.
